Unveiling the Narrative: Language, Perception, and the African Identity

In the complex tapestry of human interactions, language has become a lens through which we perceive, label, and categorize ourselves and others. This thought-provoking exploration delves into the intricacies of language and its role in shaping perceptions, particularly in the context of Africans and their global counterparts. From the terminology surrounding migrations to the biases ingrained in linguistic norms, let’s unravel the layers of a discourse that questions our shared humanity.

Blog:

Voyages of Discovery vs. Illegal Immigrants:

The journey from Europe to Africa is romanticized as a “voyage of discovery,” invoking images of exploration and curiosity. However, when the direction reverses, Africans moving to Europe are often labeled as “illegal immigrants,” laden with connotations of criminality and transgression. Here lies the first thread in the fabric of linguistic bias.

Refugees vs. Tourists:

A group of Africans seeking refuge in Europe is termed “refugees,” underscoring their dire circumstances and the humanitarian need for assistance. Contrastingly, a group of Europeans in Africa engaging in leisurely pursuits is benignly dubbed “tourists,” emphasizing their privilege and choice of exploration. Language subtly influences our perception of their circumstances.

Poachers vs. Hunters:

Venture into the bush, and the terminology takes a stark turn. Africans in the same environment are branded as “poachers,” echoing criminality and environmental harm. On the other hand, Europeans engaged in similar activities are adorned with the more benign term “hunters,” implying a connection to nature and tradition.

Foreigners vs. Expats:

Black individuals working abroad are often relegated to the label of “foreigners,” emphasizing their perceived distance from the norm. In contrast, white individuals in similar positions are graciously titled “expats,” conveying a sense of expertise and cultural exchange. The contrast raises questions about the power dynamics embedded in language.

The Language of Intelligence:

One of the most poignant observations centers on language proficiency. When individuals from various countries struggle with English, Africans often face stigmatization, being labeled as unintelligent, illiterate, or even dumb. This reveals a deep-seated bias, where English proficiency becomes a misguided measure of intelligence, perpetuating a harmful narrative.

Breaking the Chains of Mental Slavery:

The blog concludes with a powerful call to action. It challenges the normalized prejudices woven into our language, urging Africans to reclaim their narrative. Embracing native languages and rejecting the imposition of foreign linguistic norms is posited as a path to breaking free from mental oppression.

Conclusion:

In this nuanced examination of language, perception, and identity, we confront the biases embedded in our linguistic choices. The blog invites readers to reflect on the impact of language on our understanding of the world, urging a collective effort to dismantle stereotypes and foster a more inclusive, enlightened discourse.

#AfricanNarrative #LanguageMatters #CulturalPerceptions #MigrationDiscourse #LinguisticBiases #BreakingChains #Inclusivity #GlobalConversations #AfricanLanguages #ColonialLegacy #HumanityShared

God Says I Love You

silhouette image of person praying

A few weeks ago, I was sitting in Africa at night reflecting on my life. I looked up and It was amazing. The lights, the stars and the bright moon all seemed so surreal as they shouted “I love you, Ray!”. Throughout my life, I see God’s love even amid chaos. There is tremendous power in love! In the same way that a tree will grow taller and stronger when its roots grow deep, we will be stronger and rise higher when we are rooted and grounded in God’s love. 

Love is a choice. When you say “yes” to God, you are saying “yes” to love, because God is love! According to 1 Corinthians 13. Loves means being patient and kind. It means not seeking your way, not being jealous or boastful. When you choose love instead of choosing to hate, you are showing the world that God holds first place in your life. The more you choose to love, the stronger your spiritual roots will grow. 

Today, I remind you, that love is the greatest principle and it’s the currency of heaven. Love will last throughout eternity. Choose to love today, and let it be strong in your heart. Let His love build security in you, and empower you to live the life of kindness, patience and peace God has for you. 

“…May you be rooted deep in love and founded securely on love.”(Ephesians 3:17, AMP) 

Let’s Pray 

Yahweh, today and every day, I choose love. Father, show me how to love You and others the way You love me. Give me patience and kindness. Take away selfishness, jealousy and pride. God, thank You for setting me free and empowering me to live the life You have for me, in Christ’s name! Amen. 

Walking In The Rain

8 Things Hings That a Single or Married Woman Should Never Do with the Opposite Sex


I learnt while in Africa that rain is symbolic of God’s blessing and favour. Someone once said God’s Word is like rain that causes us to flourish and blossom. Scripture says we should live like a well-watered garden, vibrant and growing. We should live under a cloud of God’s blessing.  

I’m told a cloud is formed when moisture rises up from the earth into the atmosphere. Eventually, the moisture is so abundant that the rain begins to fall. In the same way, your praise is like the invisible moisture that rises up to heaven and forms a cloud of blessings which will activate an outpouring of God’s blessing, favour and provision in your life. Hallelujah! 

Today, if you feel like you are in a dry season, begin to praise and thank God that He is bringing you through to a place of refreshing. Praise God and magnify Him for His goodness until your praise forms clouds of blessings. As you turn up your praise, God will send down rain of blessings, and you will experience His abundant outpouring in every area of your life! 

“As the rain and the snow come down from heaven, and do not return to it without watering the earth and making it bud and flourish, so that it yields seed for the sower and bread for the eater, so is my word that goes out from my mouth. It will not return to me empty, but will accomplish what I desire and achieve the purpose for which I sent it.” (Isaiah 55:10–11, NIV) 

Let’s Pray

Yahweh, today I praise and honour You. Father, thank You for this day. Thank You for giving me life. Thank You for making me new. Thank You for saving me and filling me with Your peace and joy. Hallelujah. I bless Your most Holy Name. God, please rain Your blessings on me today. I love You, in Christ’s Name! Amen.

Flip Your Negative “What if’s”

What does it mean to be crucified with Christ?

Many people miss out on the good things because they allow fear to distract them and hold them back. They say, “What if I fail?” “What if people don’t like me?” “What if I make a mistake?” However, “What if you do succeed?” “What if people do like you?” “What if you do it better than anyone else?” Let’s expect God’s goodness and favour, and not focus on the negative “what if’s.”

The Scripture talks about how time and chance will come together for every person. In other words, there are moments of favour that God has already released into your future. If you’ll let that sink down into your heart today, it will change your whole outlook on your future. 

Today, go out with an attitude of faith and expectancy, you’ll see those good things He has in store, and not the negative fearful thinking the enemy wants you to have. Then you’ll walk into divine moments of favour, moments of blessing, moments of increase, and embrace all the good things God has in store for you! 

“…time and chance happen to them all.” (Ecclesiastes 9:11, NIV) 

Let’s Pray

Yahweh, thank You for the good things You have planned for my future. Father, thank You for the positive expectations that Your Spirit brings which gives me daily peace, joy and protection. God, I choose to keep my heart and mind focused on the blessings in my future and not the negative fearful “what if’s,” in Christ’s Name! Amen

Religious War? Christians and Muslims Clash in Nigeria

Destroyed vehicles and debris is strewn across the road as police attempt to restore calm in the town of Jos, Nigeria ( AP )

On June 24, Nigeria was full of the blood of Christians as Muslim herders clashed with Christian farmers. Fulani herdsman, who are predominately Muslim, attacked six villages in Nigeria’s Plateau state. These villages are home to many Christians. Many of those killed were Christians, and they were reportedly hacked to death.

As a result of this violence, many people have been forced to leave their farms and villages or face the threat of a grisly death. President Muhammadu Buhari has deployed military and police units to stop the bloodshed.

He tweeted, “The grievous loss of lives and property arising from the killings in Plateau is painful and regrettable. My deepest condolences to the affected communities. We will not rest until all murderers and criminal elements and their sponsors are incapacitated and brought to justice.”

The fuel behind these recent clashes between the religious groups is due to dwindling water and pasture resources, a direct result of Nigeria’s rising population. The estimated number of people killed by these clashes just this year is around 500 with central Nigeria being the most affected as people fight over access to land, water, and food.

However, some Christian farmers were not content to sit idly after being attacked. Many of them led an attack of their own on Muslim villages. These deadly clashes are not just seen as a battle over scarce land and farming resources; but as a religious war between Christians and Muslims. Some are claiming that the president, who is of the Muslim faith, is not doing enough to protect Christian communities.

These sentiments were expressed by Bosun Emmanuel, a secretary of the National Christians Elders Forum and a prominent Nigerian Christian leader. During a recent forum, he expressed his views over the matter, “Realistically speaking, Christianity is on the brink of extinction in Nigeria. The ascendancy of Sharia ideology in Nigeria rings the death knell for the Nigerian Church.”

Boko Haram holds the title for the most well-known Islamic terrorist group in Africa. They have claimed responsibility for the many attacks on Christians homes and churches and currently, hold many young girls captive. Many people, the majority of whom are Christians, have lost their lives due to this terrorist group. Some estimate the death toll to be more than 20,000 since 2009.

Due to this threat that Nigerian Christians are facing, Emmanuel believes that Christianity will cease to exist in Nigeria 25 years from now.

“In 2018, we can say in 25 years from now, we are facing the risk of being the last Christians in Nigeria. Therefore, Christians should be in the frontline of defending democracy in Nigeria.”

In an effort to control these violent clashes, the governor of Plateau state has imposed a curfew of 18:00 pm to 06:00 am.

While many believe that these continuous killings of Christians might spell doom for the Christian faith in Nigeria, I firmly hold the belief that GOD’S true people will continue to stand, even in the face of death. I appeal to all Christians to pray for their fellow brothers and sisters in Nigeria.

Resources: CBN News ‘The Death Knell for the Nigerian Church’: New Massacre Sparks Fear for Christians

Muslim Lands: Where Are Your Jews?

“I declare a Holy War, my Moslem brothers! Murder the Jews! Murder them all!" ⁃ Haj Amin al-Husayni, Grand Mufti of Jerusalem and Chairman of AHC

We are all aware of the growing anti-Semitism in Europe, but we fail to address the persecution of Jews at the hands of the Muslims. From ancient times the Arab world has sought to remove the existence of Jews, thus it is understandable that the Jews desired a nation of their own to escape from the hands of the Muslims.

Many anti-semitic massacres have been carried out by the Muslims for centuries:

– Year 627- In Medina, Saudi Arabia Muhammed beheads 900 Jewish males
– Year 628- In Khaybar, Saudi Arabia, 93 Jews are killed
– Year 1013- The Jews of Cordoba are slaughtered when Sulayman ibn al-Hakam attacks
– Year 1033- A Muslim leader conquers Morocco’s former capital city Fez and massacres about 6,000 Jews
– Year 1066- A Muslim mob stormed Grenada in Spain and slaughters 4,000 Jews
– Year 1090- Again in Grenada 2,000 Jews are slaughtered in another massacre
– Year 1146- The Almohads conquer Tiemcen in Algeria and slaughter any Jew that doesn’t convert to Islam
– Year 1146-The Almohads take Sijilmasa in Morocco and slaughter 150 Jews who refuse to convert
– Year 1146- The Almohads capture the Moroccan cities Fez and Marrakech and slaughter over 100,000 Jews
– Year 1232- The Jews are allowed to return to Marrakech, but this enrages local Muslims who slaughter all of them
– Year 1247- Jews were again offered Islam or death in Meknes, many were massacred
– Year 1275- Moors massacre 40 Jews in Fez
– Year 1290- The Jews of Baghdad in Iraq are massacred
– Year 1465- The entire Jewish community of Fez is massacred
– Year 1492- Abd al-Karim al-Meghili orders the destruction of Touat synagogues and massacres many Jews
– Year 1518- Ottomans rape and massacre Jews in Hebron, Israel
– Year 1736- The Jews of Algiers in Algeria are massacred
– Year 1776- The Jews of Basra in Iraq are massacred
– Year 1785- Ali Gurzi Pasha murders hundreds of Jews in Tripoli, Libya who refuse to convert to Islam
– Year 1790- Sultan Yazid orders the murder and rape of dozens of Jews in Tetuan, Morocco
– Year 1805- Muslims massacre 500 Jews in Algiers, Algeria
– Year 1815- Muslims burn 8 Jews at the stake in Algiers
– Year 1828- The Jewish community of Baghdad in Iraq are massacred
– Year 1830- The Jews of Algiers are massacred
– Year 1830- The throats of 400 Jews are slashed in Tabriz, Iran
– Year 1834- Half of the Israeli city of Safed were Jewish, but the city was subject to a vicious massacre in which Muslims raped, murdered and expelled the Jews
– Year 1839- In Mashad, Iran 36 Jews were murdered and 7 young girls kidnapped and forced to become Muslim brides
– Year 1864-1880- There are continuous pogroms against the Jews of Marrakech
– Year 1867- In Barfurush, Iran 22 Jews were murdered, with women and children being kidnapped and forced to become Muslim brides
– Year 1903- 60 Jews were slaughtered in Settat and Taza, Morocco
– Year 1907- 30 Jews were slaughtered in Casablanca, Morocco
– Year 1910- 12 Jews were slaughtered in Shiraz, Iran
– Year 1912- 42 Jews were slaughtered in Fez, Morroco
– Year 1925- Numerous Jews were massacred in Damascus, Syria
– Year 1934- In Constantinople, Algeria 34 Jews were butchered
– Year 1941- Inspired by Nazi Germany, the Muslims of Baghdad massacre 750 Jews
– Year 1945- The Tripolitania pogrom in Libya leaves 140 Jews dead
– Year 1947- 75 Jews dead after the Aleppo massacre
– Year 1947- Muslim mob slaughtered 82 Jews in Aden

This is by no means a thorough and comprehensive list of anti-semitic massacres carried out by Muslims- there were many other gruesome killings that took place. To date, over one million Jews have fled to Israel from Muslim lands.

At the UN Human Rights Council, March 20, 2017, many Muslim countries had much to say against Israel:

Palestinians- “Israel has used the worst kind of abuse, ethnic cleansing and imposing a regime of apartheid…”
Qatar- “Israel continues to exercise apartheid in Palestine which constitutes a crime against humanity.”

Sudan- “Violence and Terrorism are being exercised against the Palestinian people…”
Syria- “Violations include building apartheid walls to legitimize the theft of land and to Judaize Jerusalem…”

Bahrain- “Separation wall is an example of the apartheid policy practiced by Israel…”
Saudi Arabia- “Israel’s practices of discrimination and extremism…”

When Hillel Neuer of UN Watch took the floor to respond, he effectively silenced the U.N.: “Egypt, Iraq and the others, how many Jews live in your countries? How many Jews lived in Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco? Once upon a time, the Middle East was full of Jews. Algeria had 140, 000 Jews- Algeria, where are your Jews? Egypt used to have 75, 000 Jews- where are your Jews? Syria, you had tens of thousands of Jews- where are your Jews? Iraq, you had over 135, 000 Jews- where are your Jews? Mr. President, where is the real apartheid? Why is there a U.N. Commission on the Middle East that does not include Israel? From the 1960s and the 70s, they refuse to include Israel. Where is the apartheid, Mr. President?…”

The wall that they speak of is the Israeli West Bank barrier. It is a separation barrier in the West Bank or along the Green Line. Israel says it is a security barrier against terrorism, while the Palestinians call it a racial or apartheid wall. Being South African and knowing all about apartheid (seeing as how the term originated here), I do not see that wall as an expression of apartheid. This regime was inflicted upon the people of color to remove them from areas that the Afrikaaners deemed worthy for white people alone- it was not done for security purposes. Israel, on the other hand, is trying to protect its people. Is it wrong for Israel to protect itself against those who seek its annihilation?

Recently, Hamas leaders in Gaza have offered a long-term ceasefire to Israel, which would lead to a green light for large-scale infrastructure projects and a prisoner exchange. The only reason why they are more open to discussing such a cease-fire is that they are in dire and unprecedented strategic distress. This does not sit well with me. Back in 2012, a top Hamas official, Sheik Akhmad Bahr, called for the annihilation of Jews and American alike in a sermon broadcast on Hamas’s Al-Aqsa TV. He even prayed “Oh, Allah, destroy the Jews and their supporters,” and “the Americans and their supporters.” With such a deep-seated hate for Jews, I cannot help but think that this is a strategy on their part to fool Israel into dropping their offenses and attack them at a more opportune time. People such as this would not hesitate to use any opportunity to get rid of Jews.

At the end of the day, GOD has continued to protect His people. During 2014 Israel-Gaza conflict, an Iron Dome commander explained that a missile was fired from Gaza, which could have killed hundreds of Israeli civilians. The commander said, “We know where the missiles are going to land down to a radius of 200 metres. We fired two interceptor rockets. They both missed. This is very rare. I was in shock. At this point we had just four seconds until the missile lands. We had already notified emergency services to converge on the target location and had warned of a mass-casualty incident. Suddenly, Iron Dome (which calculates wind speeds among other things) shows a major wind coming from the east, a strong wind that… sends the missile into the sea. We were all stunned. I stood up and shouted, ‘There is a GOD!’ I witnessed this miracle with my own eyes. I saw the hand of GOD send that missile into the sea. If that Hamas strike had succeeded, it would have been the worst terrorist attack in Israel’s history.”

Also, Col. Ofer Winter, commander of the Givati Infantry Brigade, described a mysterious fog that favorably covered him and his troops as they advanced on an enemy position in morning light after their nighttime raid was postponed. Winter labeled the covering as “clouds of glory.”When most of the modern world is against Israel, we, as Christians, must continue to support Israel.

Resources: Europe’s Rising Anti-Semitism Forces Jews to Leave or Hide

 

Water Shortages: Is the World Running out of Water?

It covers 71% of the Earths surface and is vital for all known forms of life, and right now it’s giving us a warning

Almost Half the Global Population Could Be Living in Areas of High Water Stress by 2030 with Five of the Top 10 Global Risks Having a Water Element to Them

Ask Americans and in particular, residents of their most populous state California what they think of water. The state gets 75% of it from snow, and in 2014, 70% of its usual snowpack was missing. The year earlier it was the driest on record. Britain’s problem has been exactly the opposite: biblical flooding in recent years. The Thames has been flowing at its highest level, for the longest period, since 1883, and storms across south-western England have left Brits kayaking through their towns.

In 2013, the world had a record number of $1 billion weather disasters – 41, topping the previous-just three years earlier. Almost all of the 41 involve water – flooding, drought or damage from cyclones, and there are three reasons we’re seeing more water issues. The first is population growth. The drought in California is made worse by the fact that the state’s population is one third bigger than in 1990 with 10 million more people living there today.

The American drought has crippled California’s farmers, who grow 60% of the countries produce, and has left the nation with its smallest cattle herd in 60 years, sending beef prices to record highs. Economists estimate that the flooding in Britain could shave a full point off GDP. Water problems are local. England’s flooding has to be fixed in England and the Californian drought in California.

We Have to Learn to Make Space for Water. You’re Not Going to Hold Back the Flood. You Have to Anticipate, and Adapt

Water use in California has already changed dramatically. In 1972, the average resident of Los Angeles used 715 litres a day. Today, the average is 465 litres. The Los Angeles Metro area has 50% more people than it did 20 years ago, but it uses the same amount of water.

Extreme Weather from Heatwaves, to Deluge Increases the Threat of Disease, Ruins Food Stocks, Drives Millions of People into Poverty and Could Lead to War, the International Panel on Climate Change Warned

“Nobody on this planet is going to be untouched by the impacts of climate change,” said Rajendra Pachauri, the IPCC chairman.

Unless we act dramatically and quickly, science tells us our climate and our way of life are literally in jeopardy.

The amount of water on earth doesn’t change – no ‘new’ water is being created and no water is being destroyed. It is simply used, it evaporates and is used again. In a world of big problems, water problems are among the biggest. But unlike many other big problems like climate change and economic inequality, most water problems are solvable, and this one requires us simply to consume less.

Despite average rainfall of around 2,450mm a year, twice the amount that falls in the UK, Singapore has historically relied on importing water. All it takes in Philadelphia is 6mm of rainfall for the city’s sewerage network to overflow into the Schuylkill and Delaware rivers, polluting its main source of drinking water. In April 2012, the city signed an ambitious agreement with the EPA to spend $2bn over the next 25 years transforming a third of its hard surfaces into 10,000 acres of green spaces.

There are some fundamental issues holding progress back. Water is too cheap and our attitude to finite resources must change.

‘Creation From Catastrophe’ a New exhibition looks at how architects are doing more to prepare us for disaster – but is it enough?

Out of the ashes rises great opportunity. That is the theme of the new exhibit “Creation from Catastrophe — How Architecture Rebuilds Communities” at the Royal Institute of British Architects. Featuring a number of impressive projects dedicated to rebuilding communities after a disaster, the exhibit explores the evolving relationship between man, architecture, and nature.

In an interview with Dezeen magazine, curator Jes Fernie said the exhibit reveals an “expanded idea of what architecture is and what architects can do.”

From Floating Schools to Unseen Plans for an Alternative London, a New Exhibition Showcases the Good, the Bad and the Ugly Architectural Responses to Urban Disasters

The exhibit, which opened on Jan 27  and runs through April 24, spans nearly four centuries riddled with successful disaster relief projects. It features designs for rebuilding after London’s Great Fire in 1666 as well as plans for water communities in Nigeria, which could be affected by unpredictable coastal water levels in Africa’s near future.

Here are five other unique projects you can follow up on when visiting the Catastrophe exhibit this spring:

The Reliance Building
The Reliance Building

1. The Reliance Building, Atwood, Burnham and Co., North State Street, Chicago, 1890-1895
While devastating, Chicago’s Great Fire of 1871 paved a new way for architectural design. Considered by many to have birthed the Chicago School architectural style, the disaster also led to a new type of architectural design: the skyscraper.

In an effort to create fire-retardant buildings, designers utilized tools such as steel frames and sheet glass coverings. The Reliance Building, constructed by Atwood, Burnham, and Co, is one of the first post-fire buildings that fathered a design very similar to the modern day skyscrapers we know.

Nepal Project by Shigeru Ban Dezeen
Nepal Project by Shigeru Ban Dezeen

The Architect Bringing Cheap, Super-Light Disaster Shelters to Nepal
The Architect Bringing Cheap, Super-Light Disaster Shelters to Nepal

2. Housing for Nepal earthquake victims, Shigeru Ban, 2015
Simple, traditional homes in Nepal were the ones that withstood the catastrophic earthquake in 2015. As a result, Pritzker Prize-winning, disaster-relief architect Shigeru Ban designed housing structures for the victims.

Ban’s modular housing concept is modelled on the traditional homes that survived the earthquake. His design uses wood frames for the structure, cardboard tubes for the truss system of the roof, and debris from the disaster as infill for the wall. Thatch and plastic sheeting provided an extra layer of protection on the rooftop.

Women’s Centre in Darya Khan
Women’s Centre in Darya Khan

3. Women’s Centre in Darya Khan, Pakistan, Yasmeen Lari, 2011
Pakistani architect Yasmeen Lari (the first woman architect in Pakistan) showcases architecture’s role and influence in society. Throughout her career, the 75-year-old designer has built over 36,000 homes for earthquake and flood victims throughout Pakistan. She is also the founder of Heritage Foundation of Pakistan, which allows architecture students to train local residents to rebuild their homes and communities after a disaster using natural resources like bamboo and mud.

One of her well-known projects includes the Women’s Centre in Darya Khan, Pakistan. Lari holds a deep affection for Pakistani women, who are typically displaced and struggling with the care of their children following a natural disaster. The layout allows women to unite and socialize and keep their children safe. And in the event of a flood striking, the first floor is high enough so that waters cannot reach it.

Sustainable post-tsunami reconstruction master plan for Constitución
Sustainable post-tsunami reconstruction master plan for Constitución

4. Post-tsunami sustainability plan for Constitución, Chile, Elemental, 2014
After 2010’s deadly earthquake shook the coastal cities of Chile, plans for rebuilding and protecting cities like Constitución became a priority. In an effort to work with nature and the community, Pritzker Prize-winning architect Alejandro Aravena’s firm Elemental, proposed the intriguing method to plant more trees along the coast to absorb waters and prevent flooding.

The idea is that there is an opportunity to do something that would have long-term positive impacts, rather than a temporary fix that might be ruined by another major earthquake or tsunami in the area. The project will hopefully address short-term needs as well as potential long-term problems.

Ideas for rebuilding Hoboken, New Jersey after Hurricane Sandy.
Ideas for rebuilding Hoboken, New Jersey after Hurricane Sandy.

Resist. Delay. Store. Discharge. A Comprehensive Urban Water Strategy

Resist. Delay. Store. Discharge. A Comprehensive Urban Water Strategy
Resist. Delay. Store. Discharge. A Comprehensive Urban Water Strategy

5. Rebuilding of Hoboken, New Jersey after Hurricane Sandy, OMA, 2012
Following the disastrous Hurricane Sandy that struck the Northeastern United States in 2012, about 80 percent of Hoboken, New Jersey homes were flooded, leaving the community wondering how to rebuild itself with an emphasis on flood defense.

That’s when Dutch architect Rem Koolhaas’ firm OMA offered a solution that would combine hard infrastructure and soft landscaping, integrating coastal defense and natural drainage to protect against future flooding. The ideas between OMA’s and Elemental’s projects are very similar in that they look to work with nature rather than avoiding it.

Fernie told Dezeen that OMA offers a multi-pronged approach: resist, delay, restore and discharge. It acknowledges the complex water system and works with it, he said.

Marcus Garvey

Marcus Garvey was a Jamaican political leader and civil rights activist who advocated for the rights of people of African descent. He is best known for his vision of an independent, self-governing black nation and his promotion of the “Back to Africa” movement, which encouraged people of African descent to return to their ancestral homeland.

Garvey believed that people of African descent, who had been dispersed around the world as a result of the slave trade, needed to come together in order to achieve political and economic power. He felt that they would never be treated as equals in white-dominated societies and that their only hope for true freedom and self-determination was to create their own independent state.

He founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) in 1914 and worked to build a sense of pride and unity among people of African descent. Through the UNIA, he encouraged the development of businesses, schools, and other institutions that would serve the black community. He also organized a “Back to Africa” movement, which sought to establish a new nation in Africa where black people could live free from discrimination and oppression.

In addition to his work to promote the rights of people of African descent, Garvey also advocated for the rights of workers and the poor, and spoke out against colonialism and imperialism. He was a charismatic leader who inspired many people and his ideas continue to have an impact on the lives of people of African descent around the world.

It’s worth noting that Garvey’s ideas and movement also met with a lot of criticism and opposition, specially from the Jamaican political and economic elite and some black leaders.

 

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